Exit tax; USA; tax residence; transfer to the USA; international planning

Exit Tax 2027: what the proposal provides for those who want to move to the USA

Written by admin on November 4, 2026. Posted in news.

Moving to the United States requires planning that also includes estate and tax residency. The exit tax proposal contained in the 2027 Budget bill adds an element to consider before defining the timing and modalities of the transfer.

Updated as of November 4, 2026. This article describes a legislative proposal, which may change during parliamentary consideration.

What the proposal provides

The 2027 Budget bill proposes introducing an exit tax for certain natural persons who transfer their tax residence outside Italy. The mechanism would apply to income earned from certain financial activities even when these have not been sold. These are the so-called latent gains: the positive difference between the value of the asset at the date stipulated by the rule and the related tax-recognised cost. The point to understand is this: the transfer could become fiscally relevant even without a sale of the investments. However, the proposal should not be read as a tax automatically applicable to anyone leaving Italy.

Who might be interested

In the text examined, the application to natural persons requires the simultaneous presence of several conditions:

Italian tax residence for at least six of the last ten tax periods preceding the transfer; loss of Italian tax authority over the affected income due to the transfer; total normal value of the relevant assets and rights of at least 800,000 euros.

The proposed procedure applies to those individuals whose loss of Italian tax residency takes effect from January 1, 2027. To determine whether a person falls under the rules, it is necessary to examine their tax history, the composition of their investments, and the effects of the transfer to the country of destination.

Threshold of 800,000 euros and rate of 26%: two different concepts

The threshold of 800,000 euros would serve to define the scope of application of the measure. The text examined concerns the Overall normal value of the relevant assets, Instead of their historical cost. The taxable base would instead be determined by the sum of the positive differences between the value of the individual assets and rights and the tax-recognised cost thereof, according to the provisions provided for. The ordinary rate indicated in the analyses of the proposal is 26%, with specific treatments for certain categories of financial instruments. Therefore, it is not correct to apply 26% indiscriminately to the entire portfolio. The presence of investments in loss also requires attention: it must not be assumed that these can automatically compensate for all latent capital gains.

Why the topic matters for those who move to the United States

For those planning a move to the USA, the issue mainly concerns the coordination between the Italian tax position on departure and the American one on arrival. Before setting a date, it is useful to review the following:

the years of Italian tax residency; the financial activities and holdings; the related tax-recognised costs; the potential capital gains generated; the moment when Italian tax residency would cease; the moment when US tax obligations would begin.

The possible recognition in the USA of the tax values and taxes paid in Italy must be examined specifically. It should not be assumed that the payment of a tax in one country automatically resolves all consequences in the other.

Would it be possible to postpone the payment?

The text examined provides, as a general rule, for payment within 180 days from the date when the loss of tax residence takes effect. It also contemplates an option for deferral for transfers to certain countries, subject to conditions. These include a 50% advance payment and an appropriate guarantee. For non-EU countries, the proposal requires agreements that allow for both an adequate exchange of information and assistance in recovering tax debts with the characteristics specified by the standard.For a transfer to the United States, access to the deferral must therefore be specifically verified. The mere existence of a tax information exchange does not allow it to be taken for granted.

How to prepare without making hasty decisions

The first step is to collect reliable documentation: extracts of investments, dates and purchase costs, documents on holdings and information on the tax residence of previous years. The second is to jointly assess the Italian and US positions, considering the liquidity that may be required. Sales, donations, transfers or changes in the ownership of investments can have their own consequences. They must be examined before being used within a transfer strategy. The calendar also requires attention: the date of travel, the visa and the AIRE registration, considered individually, do not exhaust the analysis of tax residence.

The support of Link2America

A project of relocation to the United States involves personal, professional, entrepreneurial, and patrimonial decisions that must be made in a coherent manner. Link2America assists entrepreneurs and professionals in planning the US project and in coordinating operational activities with the involved tax and legal professionals.Are you considering a transfer to the United States in 2027?

Contact Link2America to frame the project and identify the necessary details before defining the operational timeline.

The content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute tax or legal advice. The application of the measure will depend on the final text being approved and on the individual situation.

Frequently asked questions about the 2027 Exit Tax

Is the Exit Tax 2027 already a final law?

As of November 4, 2026, the measure described is contained in the Draft Budget 2027. The text may change during parliamentary scrutiny.

Who would move to the USA automatically pay 26%?

No. The proposal sets out specific requirements related to the previous Italian tax residence, the value of the assets involved, and the loss of Italian tax authority. The position must be assessed on a case-by-case basis.

The 800,000 euros refer to the cost of purchasing the investments?

In the text examined, the threshold concerns the total value of the assets and rights relevant at the date identified by the proposal. The tax-recognised cost, on the other hand, is used to determine capital gains.

Will the tax affect all assets?

The proposal concerns certain financial income and the related capital gains generated. Its scope does not automatically coincide with the entire personal wealth.

Could there be a tax even without selling the securities?

Yes. The proposed mechanism takes into account the capital gains generated and not yet realized on the affected assets.

Can someone who moves to the United States defer payment?

This is a point that needs to be specifically verified. For countries outside the EU, the text requires agreements on the exchange of information and on assistance in recovering tax debts, in addition to the other conditions provided for.

Do I have to register with the AIRE by 2026?

The AIRE registration alone does not resolve the analysis of tax residency. The actual situation and the applicable rules in both countries must be evaluated.

Foreign Record Importer, DDP USA, customs bond, CBP Form 5106

“Importer of Record” in the USA: what changes for international companies that sell DDP

Written by admin on October 26, 2026. Posted in news.

New customs controls, increased checks on importers, and attention to liability for duties and declarations: Executive Order 14411 requires companies that export to the United States to review their import organization.

Regulatory update of June 3, 2026 — Editorial review: October 21, 2026.

1. What has changed in the United States

On June 3, 2026, the White House issued Executive Order 14411, Strengthening Customs Enforcement, With the aim of strengthening controls on imports and the identification of those responsible for customs operations.

The measure directly involves the Importer of Record (IOR), That is, the persons identified under American customs rules as responsible for the entry of goods.

Among the main measures proposed are:

Strengthening customs guarantee requirements (customs bond).
Checks on the solidity and reliability of importers.
More in-depth controls on foreign Importer of Record.
Update of the register of importers.
New disclosure and certification obligations.
More rigorous verification procedures for other operators in the customs chain.

A fundamental distinction: The Executive Order contains directives to federal authorities, some of which require implementing measures. It is not correct to assume that every new condition is already fully operational in the same form for all imports.

For this reason, companies must verify both the current regulations and the application instructions actually published by CBP.

2. Who is the Importer of Record?

The Importer of Record is the entity that assumes specific customs responsibilities for imports into the United States.

These may include:

Correct presentation of the customs declaration.
Tariff classification of goods.
Declaration of value and origin.
Payment of duties and other amounts due.
Availability and preservation of the required documentation.
Compliance with applicable customs obligations.

The IOR does not necessarily coincide with the physical recipient of the goods.

Furthermore, the use of a customs broker does not automatically eliminate the responsibilities that the legislation assigns to the importer.

3. Selling DDP means being automatically the Record Importer?

No.

The surrender DDP — Delivered Duty Paid, provided for by the Incoterms® 2020, regulates the contractual allocation of costs, risks and obligations between the seller and the buyer.

In general, the seller also assumes the customs clearance obligations for import, as provided for in the DDP delivery document.

However, The DDP declaration does not automatically confer on the Italian seller the eligibility to operate as an Importer of Record under US regulations..

It is necessary to distinguish:

Who contractually assumes the costs and obligations towards the customer.
Who is formally the Importer of Record with CBP.
Those who submit the declaration through the customs broker.
Who provides the guarantees and is responsible for customs obligations.

These roles must be consistent, but they are not necessarily assigned to the same person.

4. Which verifications apply to foreign Importer of Record?

Executive Order 14411 provides for a strengthening of controls on foreign importers.

Among the aspects to be followed are the identification of the subject, the guarantee requirements, periodic checks, and the conditions for accessing the various customs procedures.

The measure also distinguishes the treatment of formal imports from that of informal procedures, providing specific restrictions for foreign importers.

For an Italian company, the issue is not simply to obtain an identifying number.

It is necessary to verify that the chosen structure is compatible with:

Type and value of shipments.
Applicable customs procedure.
Requirements required for the foreign IOR.
Necessary guarantees.
Role of the customs broker.
Any new operational instructions from CBP.

Companies that carry out recurring shipments should pay particular attention to the continuity of operations and the management of any documentation requests.

5. CBP Form 5106: why is it important?

He CBP Form 5106 It is used to collect or update identifying information relating to persons subject to customs procedures.

It may be necessary in the context of identifying an importer and managing the related data at CBP.

However, it should not be confused with a general and unconditional authorization to import.

The identification of the company, the qualification as an IOR, the availability of the bond and the admissibility of the procedures used are separate issues.

For this reason, it is advisable to check with the customs broker that the registered data are up-to-date and consistent with actual operations.

6. Customs bond: what should the company check?

The customs bond constitutes a guarantee in favor of the customs authorities for certain obligations related to import.

The type and amount of the guarantee depend on the characteristics of the transactions and the applicable rules.

Executive Order 14411 provides for the strengthening of requirements regarding guarantees and the financial capacity of importers.

This does not mean that all companies must immediately pay an identical amount or form an American company.

The verification must take into account the importer’s profile, the volume of transactions, the customs risk, and the actual implementing provisions that apply.

7. Is it necessary to open a company in the United States?

Not necessarily.

Forming an American LLC or Corporation can be a strategic solution in some business models, but it does not automatically represent a universal requirement for every exporter.

Before proceeding, it is necessary to assess:

Frequency of imports.
Role of the American customer or distributor.
Need for warehousing and local distribution.
Customs and commercial liability.
Administrative, fiscal and insurance costs.
Convenience of a stable corporate presence.

An American structure can solve some operational needs, but it also generates obligations that must be evaluated separately.

8. Operational checklist for Italian exporters

Companies that sell in the United States, especially with DDP delivery, should check:

Current IOR: Who is formally responsible for the imports?
Identification: Are the data recorded at CBP correct?
Customs broker: Who submits the declarations and with what authorizations?
Bond: Is the warranty adequate for the operations and the applicable requirements?
Incoterms: Do the contractual conditions reflect the customs structure?
Costs: Who supports tariffs, taxes, fees and possible adjustments?
Documentation: Are invoices, origin, classification and other necessary documents available?
Operational continuity: Have any changes to the import procedures been considered?

The review should involve the sales manager, the logistics department, the customs broker and, when necessary, legal and tax consultants.

9. FAQ — The most frequently asked questions

Can an Italian company still be the Importer of Record in the USA?

The possibility of operating as a foreign Importer of Record depends on the applicable customs requirements and the procedures used. Executive Order 14411 provides for strengthened controls and specific restrictions, but should not be interpreted as a blanket ban on all imports by foreign entities. It is necessary to verify the implementing provisions and the actual situation of the company.

If I sell DDP, do I necessarily have to open an American LLC?

No. The DDP declaration establishes contractual obligations between the seller and the buyer, but does not itself impose the formation of an LLC. It is necessary to verify that the seller can fulfill the import obligations through a structure permitted by U.S. rules. An American company may be useful, but it requires an operational and tax analysis.

Does the customs broker assume all the customs responsibilities?

No. The customs broker performs the activities for which he is appointed and authorized, but his presence does not automatically transfer all the responsibilities of the Importer of Record. The importer retains specific obligations regarding the accuracy of the information, documentation, and amounts due, in accordance with applicable regulations.

Is CBP Form 5106 sufficient to start importing?

No. Form 5106 concerns the identification and updating of the subject’s information with CBP. It does not replace the verifications regarding the importer’s qualification, customs guarantees, applicable procedures, and any requirements of other authorities, such as the FDA, USDA, or other competent agencies.

10. How Link2America can help you

For Italian companies that export to the United States, proper import management is an integral part of the business strategy.

Link2America offers support in evaluation of logistical and customs requirements, In the identification of specialized customs brokers and partners and in the coordination of operational solutions for the American market.

When the project requires additional legal, tax or corporate expertise, this can be integrated through qualified professionals.

Discover the USA logistics consulting services of Link2America and evaluate the structure that best suits your operations.

Franchising USA: franchises of shops and services in an American shopping street

Franchising USA: 6 models to be evaluated by October 29, 2026

Written by admin on October 13, 2026. Posted in news, Uncategorized.

On October 1st, the Franchise Expo opened in Milan, with brands from 11 countries and a significant fact: in 2025 Italian franchising generated revenue. 39 billion euros With 62,449 outlets, according to Assofranchising. Two weeks later, on October 16, Captain D’s, an American chain of fish fast food restaurants with about 540 locations, announced that it was in talks with potential partners in Italy. In the summer, Wendy’s had announced the first opening in Milan, as part of a plan to have 170 restaurants by 2035. USA franchising Look at Italy, and he does so with determination.

The road goes in both directions. American brands are looking for Italian partners capable of opening and managing a network. And more and more Italian entrepreneurs are evaluating the United States based on a proven model, with public figures and a method to follow, rather than starting from a blank sheet of paper.

The difficult part is choosing. There are about 4,000 brands in franchising in the USA, each with its own characteristics. FDD, The information document that federal law requires to be provided to candidates. Every two weeks we read part of it, cross-check growth data and industry news, and choose the most solid models for a European investor. Here is the selection from late October, divided into three different paths.

In short: the three paths of this selection

1. Moving in and managing in person: Metal Supermarkets, PuroClean

2. Invest in and rely on a manager: Express Employment Professionals, BODYBAR Pilates

3. Bringing an American brand to Italy: Visiting Angels, Duck Donuts

1. Moving to the USA and managing it in person

What it means. They are franchises for those who move and run the business every day. The franchisors also work with foreign investors, which we verify on a case-by-case basis. Depending on the type of activity and the volume of investment, they may qualify for Visa E-2, If the project is built well.

Metal Supermarkets

Sector: sale of custom-cut metals · Investment: 357.000 € – 602.000 €

It sells small quantities of custom-cut metals to artisans, workshops and small businesses. The franchisor declares average sales of 2.1 million dollars In 2025, with a gross margin of over 50%. The limit: the investment exceeds €600,000 and the warehouse ties the accounts to the price trend of metals. A commercial mindset is required, because the customers are companies.

PuroClean

Sector: restoration of damage caused by water, fire and mold · Investment: 217.000 € – 249.000 €

It is based in Tamarac, a few kilometers from Miami, and has over 500 locations. On October 7th it announced that owners with dedicated sales teams generate an average of 1.4 million dollars. Here we would be cautious on one point: it is a B2B job related to insurance and experts, with different licenses from state to state. It is not for those who dream of having a shop on the street.

2. Invest and entrust the management to a manager

What it means. The investor remains the owner but does not work in the retail outlet. They are semi-absentee models with a local manager, designed for those who stay in Europe or want a role as an investor.

Express Employment Professionals

Sector: employment agency · Investment: 118.000 € – 258.000 €

The owner does not make the selection in person. He leads a team of sales and selection managers, and offices with more than two years of activity average about 5.4 million euros. Attention, however: in temporary work, turnover is high and margins are tight. In the early years, commercial development requires a presence.

Bodybar Pilates

Sector: study of Pilates reformer · Investment: 350.000 € – 682.000 €

It provides for management in writing with a management study formed before opening. It is among the few to publish the profit: in 2024 the median net profit of the 21 studies opened throughout the year was approximately 185.000 €. The limit is the network, which is still small, and a cost that exceeds our budget.

Do you already have a franchise in mind? We help you verify the numbers before signing: Let's talk about it

3. Bringing an American brand to Italy

What it means. You become the Italian partner of a US brand with a master franchise: The rights for the country, a pilot store, then the development of the network. This is the most challenging path and must be set up in accordance with Law 129/2004.

Visiting Angels

Sector: home care for the elderly · Status: not yet in Italy

It offers non-health care at home, has about 800 affiliates worldwide and over 60 in the United Kingdom, from where it has announced a European plan. In a country that is aging like ours the need is evident. The limit: the competition from informal work and regional rules to be studied carefully.

Duck Donuts

Sector: warm donuts made on the spot · Status: not yet in Italy

The donuts are prepared and decorated in front of the customer. The brand has about 150 stores in the USA and its first European headquarters is in Belfast. It operates in shopping centers and tourist cities, but here donuts and pastry shops are everywhere and they cost little. The format must sell the experience, not just the product.

The 6 models compared

Franchise	Street	Sector	Indicative investment
Metal Supermarkets	In person	B2B trade	357.000 € – 602.000 €
PuroClean	In person	B2B services	217.000 € – 249.000 €
Express Employment Professionals	With a manager	Work	118.000 € – 258.000 €
Bodybar Pilates	With a manager	Fitness	350.000 € – 682.000 €
Visiting Angels	Master Italia	Support	US unit: €113,000 – €154,000
Duck Donuts	Master Italia	Catering	US unit: €417,000 – €583,000

The figures are indicative, converted from the dollar at the exchange rate of October 28, 2026 (1 € = 1.1133 USD). They should be verified on the updated FDD of the franchisor and with a specialized lawyer. For master franchises, the fee for Italy is negotiated with the franchisor.

How can we help you?

Choosing a franchise in the United States is not a decision to be made alone, nor based on brochures. Numbers, territories, and questions must be verified before signing.

Our team in Miami assists you in three stages:

1. Research. We identify the models that suit your budget and your goals.

2. Selection. We compare the most promising ones and tell you where we would be cautious.

3. Data verification. We read the FDD with you and prepare the questions to ask the franchisor.

This applies to the models in this selection and to any other franchises that interest you. You can find the details on our page. Consulting for the search for franchises in the USA.

Are you interested in one of these franchises, or are you thinking of creating another one? Click the button below and fill out the short questionnaire: we will contact you for a first assessment. We will contact you again to schedule a first assessment of the project…

FILL OUT THE QUESTIONNAIRE

Professionals visiting the stands of a modern US trade fair center

Guide to the 2027 US trade shows you shouldn't miss

Written by admin on October 9, 2026. Posted in GUIDE, news.

New arrivals in the autumn of 2026

The guide is updated weekly with verified news about the fairs. Here are the most recent changes that matter for exporters, in order of most recent.

Update of November 2nd

Vinitaly.USA, results from New York. The edition of October 26–27 brought together more than 3,000 operators from 40 countries and 20 US states (+36% compared to Chicago 2025), with more than 1,690 B2B meetings; 60% were buyers, distributors and horeca (sourceThe dates and cities of 2027 have not yet been announced.
WSWA Access LIVE. The “General” subscription fee is valid until December 11, 2026; then the ’Late“ subscription fee takes effect: for a non-member provider, the price goes from $2,500 to $2,775 (sourceUntil the same date the cancellation is refunded at 50% (Frequently Asked Questions).
Cosmoprof NA Miami introduces “The Fragrance Experience”, a three-day area dedicated to perfumery (source).
High Point Market In autumn, the number of registered buyers increased by +2%, international buyers by +3%, and over 1,200 new buyers signed up; spring confirmed for April 10–14, 2027 (source).
NEXTY Awards at Expo West: Applications are open to all natural brands, including non-exhibitors, until December 2, 2026 (source).

How to read this guide

In 2027, the US trade shows that really matter for those exporting from Italy, Spain, France, Germany and Latin America are about forty: here we select 36 of them. We have selected them in six sectors: Food, Wine, Spirits and Beer, Cosmetics, Home and Design, Fashion and Jewelry.

Each sector is divided into two levels, based on the profile of the buyers seen in previous editions:

High TierNational chains, large distributors, the three-tier system wholesaler. They require volumes, landed prices, full compliance (FDA, MOCRA, TTB/COLA) and often an already active importer.
Tier Medio: independent importers, specialized retail, horeca, sommeliers, LATAM buyers. Smaller volumes, more accessible formats: ideal for testing the market.

Status of the dates. “Confirmed” = announced by the organizer. “To be confirmed” = taken from third-party calendars or estimated based on historical cycles. Latest edition = 2026 if already underway, otherwise 2025. The current costs are in dollars per square meter (1 m² = 10.76 sq ft).

Food

The Summer Fancy Food Show and Expo West remain the events with the most qualified buyers; for a first entry, Americas Food & Beverage in Miami is the most accessible door, even towards South America.

High Tier

Fair	Date 2027 (duration)	Headquarters	Last edition: buyers and participants	Buyer profile	Stand USD/m²	Data
Summer Fancy Food Show	July 25–27 (3 days)	New York, Javits Center	2026: over 32,000 professionals, nearly 14,000 registered buyers, foodservice distributors, and investors; 2,529 exhibitors from 57 countries (source)	Retailers and chains (Costco, Whole Foods, Wegmans), importers; 86% purchase or influence purchases	~525	Confirmed
National Restaurant Association Show	May 22–25 (4 days)	Chicago, McCormick Place	2026: over 2,000 exhibitors, 580 international from 44 countries, visitors from 112 countries (source2025: approximately 53,000 visitors	Restaurant chains, foodservice distributors, hotels; there is an Italian pavilion for wine, spirits and oil	~560	Confirmed
Natural Products Expo West	March 2–5 (4 days, expo 3–5)	Anaheim (CA)	2026: 66,000 registered and over 3,200 brands (source); about two-thirds qualified buyers	Whole Foods, Kroger, Amazon; natural, organic, health-conscious, even beauty products	~1.330	Confirmed
PLMA Private Label Trade Show	Mid-November (3 days)	Rosemont (Chicago)	2025: approximately 14,000 participants, approximately 2,000 exhibitors from 65 countries, over 50 national pavilions	Retailer for private brands: large volumes, certificates and certifications	n.d.	To be confirmed

Tier Medio

Fair	Date 2027 (duration)	Headquarters	Last edition: buyers and participants	Buyer profile	Stand USD/m²	Data
Americas Food & Beverage Show	27–29 September (3 days)	Miami Beach Convention Center	2026: 11,700 visitors (+17%), over 13,000 registered, 990 exhibitors, 115 countries, 22 international pavilions	Importers, Hispanic retail, Caribbean and Latin America; designed for SMEs	n.d.	Confirmed
Winter FancyFaire	January 17–19 (3 days)	San Francisco, Moscone Center	2026: over 12,000 professionals, over 4,000 buyers, including 1,835 key buyers, over 1,000 exhibitors; on January 17 the Sofi Awards are presented (75 finalists selected by retail buyers)	Independent specialty stores on the West Coast, e-commerce	n.d.	Confirmed
Sweets & Snacks Expo — new	May 18–20 (3 days)	Indianapolis, Indiana Convention Center	The US benchmark trade fair for confectionery and snacks; a networking event for international companies on May 18	Catene, buyer of confectionery and snacks, distributors	n.d.	Confirmed
Newtopia Now — new	September 14–16 (3 days)	Rosemont (Chicago)	Organized by the same group as Expo West; figures not published	Natural and organic retail, a second-half event	n.d.	To be confirmed

To display products, at least FDA registration of the facility, a US Agent and compliant labels are required: Tier High buyers verify this before placing an order. The FDA registration must be renewed by December 31, 2026, and from July 20, 2028, importers and distributors will request batch traceability data from suppliers as required by FSMA rule 204 (source).

Wine

For Italian wine, the reference is Vinitaly.USA, but anyone who wants to enter the national distribution must go through WSWA, where the wholesalers of the three-tier system are present. With exports to the USA at −14.1% in the first half of 2026 and a 10% duty on EU wine, it is advantageous to present yourself at the fair with landed prices already calculated.

High Tier

Fair	Date 2027 (duration)	Headquarters	Last edition: buyers and participants	Buyer profile	Stand USD/m²	Data
Vinitaly.USA	Autumn, dates and cities 2027 not announced (2 days)	2026: New York, Pier 36 (October 26–27)	2026: over 3,000 operators from 40 countries and 20 US states (+36%), approximately 300 wineries and 2,500 labels, over 1,690 B2B meetings, almost 800 top buyers hosted by Veronafiere and ICE	Importers, distributors and the horeca sector (60% of the visitors)	n.d., often in ICE or regional collectives	To be confirmed
WSWA Access LIVE	February 1–4 (4 days)	Grapevine (Dallas), Gaylord Texan	Over 2,500 participants and 400 exhibition spaces; the participating distributors move approximately 80% of the wine and spirits sold in the USA. Non-member supplier registration: 2,500 USD until December 11, 2026, then 2,775	Wholesaler of the three-tier: serves an importer or a brand already distributed	n.d.	Confirmed

Tier Medio

Fair	Date 2027 (duration)	Headquarters	Last edition: buyers and participants	Buyer profile	Stand USD/m²	Data
Vinexpo Americas	May 11–12 (2 days)	Miami Beach Convention Center	2026: 1,659 participants from 53 countries; 2025: over 2,100 professionals, 40% from Central and South America and the Caribbean (source)	US importers and LATAM; includes Be Spirits and Be No	n.d.	To be confirmed
Gambero Rosso Three Glasses	February 23rd Los Angeles, March 1st Chicago, March 3rd New York (1 day each)	Chicago, New York	Walk-around tasting reserved for trade and press; only the Tre Bicchieri award-winning wines are on display	Importers, sommeliers, retail premium	n.d.	Confirmed
Slow Wine Tour USA	March (1 day per city)	2026: San Francisco, Austin, New York	Over 70 wineries per stop in recent editions	Horeca, wine shops, buyers attentive to sustainability	n.d.	To be confirmed
USA Trade Tasting	May (1–2 days)	Chicago, Morgan MFG	2025: over 100 brands, free trade entry, conference for importers and distributors	Small and medium-sized importers and distributors	n.d.	To be confirmed
IBWSS San Francisco— new	July 27–28 (2 days)	San Francisco	Unofficial figures not published	Wine and spirits buyers of bulk and private label: chains, importers, distributor brands	n.d.	To be confirmed

To send samples to trade shows, you need the COLA waiver or an importer who handles them: this must be planned well before shipment.

Liquors, beer and spirits

In spirits, buyers meet more in the on-premise channel than in the pavilions: Bar Convent Brooklyn and Tales of the Cocktail are the places where cocktail bar listings are born. Miami Rum Congress is the showcase for rum and Latin American distillates.

High Tier

Fair	Date 2027 (duration)	Headquarters	Last edition: buyers and participants	Buyer profile	Stand USD/m²	Data
WSWA Access LIVE (see Wine)	February 1–4 (4 days)	Grapevine (Dallas)	Over 2,500 participants; distributors that account for about 80% of the market	Wholesaler three-tier	n.d.	Confirmed
Bar Convent Brooklyn	June 8–9 (2 days)	New York, Industry City	2026: more than 200 brands, of which more than 80 are participating for the first time	Bar program director, distributors of premium and craft spirits	n.d.	To be confirmed
Tales of the Cocktail	end of July (6 days)	New Orleans	2026: July 19–24, with activations by major groups such as Diageo and Absolut (source); official numbers not published	Bartender, brand ambassador, international on-premise buyer	Sponsorships, not stands	To be confirmed

Tier Medio

Fair	Date 2027 (duration)	Headquarters	Last edition: buyers and participants	Buyer profile	Stand USD/m²	Data
Bar & Restaurant Expo (former Nightclub & Bar Show)	March 22–24 (3 days)	Las Vegas Convention Center	Unofficial figures not published	Owners of bars, F&B managers, bar chains	~800 (equipped), ~610 (empty area)	To be confirmed
Miami Rum Congress	February 5–7 (3 days)	Miami Beach Convention Center	2026: more than 600 professionals and more than 85 brands (source)	Buyer spirits; ideal for rum, cachaça and aguardiente from Mexico, Venezuela, the Caribbean	n.d.	To be confirmed
Craft Brewers Conference & BrewExpo America	April 5–7 (3 days)	San Antonio (TX)	Unofficial figures not published	American breweries: useful for those who sell malt, hops, equipment and packaging, less so for finished beer	n.d.	Confirmed

Liquor enters the USA only through a federal licensed importer: for WSWA and Bar Convent, it is advisable to arrive with a partner already identified.

Cosmetics and beauty

Cosmoprof North America covers the entire year with two editions: Miami in January, more focused on Latin America, and Las Vegas in July, the largest event in the industry in the USA. Registration for MOCRA must be completed before products can be presented to retailers.

High Tier

Fair	Date 2027 (duration)	Headquarters	Last edition: buyers and participants	Buyer profile	Stand USD/m²	Data
Cosmoprof North America Las Vegas	July 13–15 (3 days)	Las Vegas, Mandalay Bay	2026: 26,500 visits from 88 countries; 952 exhibitors from 39 countries, 54% of which are international (source)	Retailers, distributors, investors; Cosmopack area for packaging and private labels	~985 (price via agency)	Confirmed
Cosmoprof North America Miami	January 26–28 (3 days)	Miami Beach Convention Center	2026: 19,000 visits from 105 countries, 800 exhibitors (source)	US and Latin American distributors; in 2027 a new perfume area “The Fragrance Experience”	~426 (only area, collective Spain ICEX)	Confirmed
NYSCC Suppliers’ Day	June 8–9 (2 days)	New York, Javits Center	2025: over 11,500 participants and 675 exhibitors from 74 countries	R&D and brand purchases: ingredients, formulation, packaging	n.d.	To be confirmed

Tier Medio

Fair	Date 2027 (duration)	Headquarters	Last edition: buyers and participants	Buyer profile	Stand USD/m²	Data
America’s Beauty Show	April 3–5 (3 days)	Rosemont (Chicago)	Approximately 25,000 attendances are expected according to third-party estimates	Salons, hair and nail professionals	~500 (staffed), ~420 (empty area), via agency	Confirmed
Premiere Orlando	June 5–7 (3 days)	Orlando, Orange County Convention Center	2026 (32nd edition): growing number of visitors and exhibitors; official figures not published	Beauty and spa professionals from the Southeast United States	n.d.	Confirmed
Natural Products Expo West, beauty area (see Food)	March 2–5 (4 days)	Anaheim (CA)	66,000 registered in 2026	Natural and online chains for clean and organic cosmetics	~1.330	Confirmed

Home, design and materials

This is the sector where Italy and Spain are strongest: at Coverings, the two national associations are among the main pavilions. From 2027, ICFF will move its dates from May to November, along with BDNY.

High Tier

Fair	Date 2027 (duration)	Headquarters	Last edition: buyers and participants	Buyer profile	Stand USD/m²	Data
KBIS – Kitchen & Bath Industry Show	February 2–4 (3 days)	Las Vegas Convention Center	2026, Design & Construction Week with IBS: 117,000 registered visitors and 2,250 exhibitors	Kitchen and bathroom retailers, designers, builders	n.d.	Confirmed
Covers	April 6–9 (4 days)	Orlando, Orange County Convention Center	2026: 750 exhibitors from nearly 40 countries; 77% of the visitors purchase or prescribe products (source)	Distributors of ceramics and stone, architects and designers	n.d.	Confirmed
High Point Market (spring)	April 10–14 (5 days)	High Point (North Carolina)	Approximately 75,000 visitors and 1,200 exhibitors according to third-party estimates; autumn 2026: buyer companies +2%, international buyers +3%	Furniture retailer, interior designer	Showroom, prices on request	Confirmed

Tier Medio

Fair	Date 2027 (duration)	Headquarters	Last edition: buyers and participants	Buyer profile	Stand USD/m²	Data
ICFF	November 14–16 (3 days)	New York, Javits Center, together with BDNY	First Autumn edition; no 2026 numbers published	Contemporary design, contract, hospitality	n.d.	Confirmed
Las Vegas Market (winter)	January 24–28 (5 days)	Las Vegas, World Market Center	Over 3,500 brands on display	Retail of furniture, accessories and gifts	n.d.	To be confirmed
HD Expo	May 3–5 (exhibition only from 4–5)	Las Vegas, Mandalay Bay	Unofficial figures not published	Designers and hotel chains	~960 (set up), ~780 (empty area), via agency	Confirmed
Atlanta Market (winter) — new	January 12–17 (6 days)	Atlanta, AmericasMart	70th edition; the main market for gifts and home in the Southeast	Gift shops, furniture and accessories, regional chains	Showroom, prices on request	Confirmed

Fashion and jewelry

Reduced selection: four appointments, because the sector weighs less in our business. JCK is the one with the strongest Italian presence, with over 120 companies in 2026.

Fair	Tier	Date 2027 (duration)	Headquarters	Last edition: buyers and participants	Buyer profile	Stand USD/m²	Data
JCK Las Vegas	High	June 4–7 (4 days); Luxury by JCK 2–3 June, by invitation	Las Vegas, The Venetian Expo	2026: 17,500 buyers and retailers, over 30,000 professionals, more than 1,700 exhibitors (source)	Independent jewelry stores and chains	n.d.	Confirmed
MAGIC Las Vegas	High	February 16–18 (3 days)	Las Vegas Convention Center	Over 800 exhibitors expected according to third-party estimates	Chain stores, boutiques, sourcing buyers	~860 (set up, via agency)	Confirmed
Coterie New York	Average	February 7–9 (3 days), together with MAGIC New York	New York, Javits Center	Unofficial figures not published	Contemporary women's clothing boutique	n.d.	Confirmed
The Collective— new	Average	January 30–February 2 (4 days)	Chicago, The Mart	Unofficial figures not published; Italian ICE area (membership 2027 closed on October 13)	Specialized stores for men's fashion, footwear, and accessories in the Midwest	~330 EUR/m² in the ICE area (2,970 EUR + VAT for 9 m²)	Confirmed

How much does a stand cost per square meter?

For a standard stand, the average price found is around 815 USD/m², with a range from 500 to 1,330 USD/m². In national collective stands, the space starts at around 425 USD/m². It’s just the space: setup, electricity, freight handling (drayage), travel and samples are all separate.

Fair	Sector	USD/m²	What is included	Source of the price
Natural Products Expo West	Food	~1.330	Stand 10×8 ft with bench, stools, carpet and electricity (2026)	Hawaii Pavilion
Cosmoprof NA Las Vegas	Cosmetics	~985	Set up stand (CNY 7,000/m²)	Agency
HD Expo	House	~960 / ~780	Set up / bare area	Agency
MAGIC Las Vegas	Fashion	~860	Set up (CNY 55,000 for 9 m²)	Agency
Bar & Restaurant Expo	Spirits	~800 / ~610	Set up / bare area	Agency
National Restaurant Association Show	Food	~560	Stand 10×10 ft, pavilion Emerging Brands (2025)	Organizer
Summer Fancy Food Show	Food	~525	Single area, 49 USD/sq ft (2026)	Vermont Pavilion
America’s Beauty Show	Cosmetics	~500 / ~420	Set up / bare area	Agency
Cosmoprof NA Miami	Cosmetics	~426	Only area in the collective Spain 2027 exhibition, with its own presentation; contribution from ICEX up to 20%	Bando from ICEX/Stanpa

Average figures for the sector (standard stand): Food about 800 USD/m², Cosmetics about 740, Spirits about 800, Home about 960, Fashion about 860.

Agency prices include their margin: for the NRA Show, the agency charges about 890 USD/m² compared to about 560 from the organizer. It is always advisable to ask for the list price directly from the organizer or join a national collective (ICE, ICEX, Business France, GTAI), often co-financed. Conversion used for prices in yuan: 1 USD ≈ 7.1 CNY, indicative.

How to choose the right fair

The right fair depends on how ready the company is for the US market, not on its size.

First time in the USA: Start with a Tier Medium (Winter FancyFair, Americas Food & Beverage, Vinexpo Americas, Cosmoprof Miami) or a national collective in the Tier High fairs.
Companies from Mexico, Argentina, Venezuela and the Caribbean: Focus on Miami (Americas Food & Beverage, Vinexpo Americas, Cosmoprof Miami, Miami Rum Congress), where Latin American buyers also arrive.
Already active importer or distributor: Focus on the high tier of your sector and schedule the meetings before the fair.
Large volumes or private brand: PLMA and Expo West for food, Cosmopack at Cosmoprof Las Vegas for cosmetics.

Before booking the stand

FDA registration of the facility (renewal by December 31, 2026) and appointment of a US Agent (food and beverages)
FDA-compliant labels and nutrition table
Registration of the establishment and product listing MOCRA (cosmetics)
Federal licensed importer and COLA or COLA waiver for samples (wine and spirits)
List of prices landed and logistics plan for samples and goods
List of buyers to be met and appointments set before the fair

Link2America it follows the companies through all these steps: FDA registration, MOCRA, export of wines and spirits, Logistics and presence at the fair. Contact Us to build your 2027 calendar.

Choosing the event is just the first step. To learn more about how to prepare for a trade show in the USA, read our article as well. US trade shows and business opportunities, dedicated to preparing for participation in trade shows in the American market.

Link2America it follows the companies through all these steps: FDA registration, MOCRA, export of wines and spirits, Logistics and presence at the fair. Contact Us to build your plan for participation in the 2027 fairs.

Methodological note and sources

Dates and numbers verified on October 9, 2026 on organizers“ websites, press releases, and trade show calendars. The ”to be confirmed” dates should be checked again on the official website before booking. When an organizer does not publish data, we have indicated this; third-party estimates are reported as such.

US trade shows: how to turn participation into concrete business opportunities

Written by admin on October 7, 2026. Posted in GUIDE, news.

Participating in a trade show in the United States can represent an important investment for an Italian company. Stands, travel, logistics, samples, and personnel all involve significant costs. Yet the true result of a trade show should not be measured simply by the number of people who pass by the stand or by the business cards collected.

The question to be asked is another: How many concrete business opportunities has the company managed to generate?

This period is particularly relevant. From October 18 to 21, 2026, Chicago hosts PACK EXPO International, while on October 26 and 27, New York hosts Vinitaly USA. These are two very different events, but they show how trade shows continue to be an important tool for Italian companies that want to develop the American market.

However, participation should be integrated into a broader business strategy.

1. The fair begins before the opening of the stand

One of the most common mistakes is to consider the first day of the event as the beginning of the business activity.

In reality, an important part of the work should be done in the weeks preceding it.

Before the fair, it is useful to identify:

potentially interesting distributors and importers;
consistent buyer and retailer with the product;
potential business partners;
existing customers on the market;
complementary companies with which to develop collaborations.

The goal is to reach the United States with a preliminary agenda of meetings and a list of priority companies, instead of relying solely on the spontaneous traffic generated by the stand.

Some events directly provide tools to facilitate meetings. For Vinitaly USA 2026, for example, ICE includes among the services offered by the Italian collective the use of a platform for organizing meetings at the fair.

It is a good example of how the commercial preparation can begin long before the event.

2. Define who you want to meet

“We are looking for distributors in the United States” is a too general goal.

The American market is huge and fragmented. A national distributor, a specialized importer, a regional retailer, a sales agent or an e-commerce partner can have completely different characteristics.

Before the event, it would therefore be necessary to define a Ideal Customer Profile.

For example:

priority geographical area;
type of customer;
sector and specialization;
size of the company;
channels served;
product portfolio;
compatibility with the positioning of the brand.

A selection of 30 truly interesting companies can have much more commercial value than hundreds of unqualified leads.

3. Adapt the presentation to the American market

Another common mistake is to bring the same materials used in Italy to the United States by simply translating them into English.

Translation is important, but it is not enough.

American buyers, distributors and partners want to understand quickly:

What do you sell? Why is the product interesting for the US market? What is the commercial advantage? What are the prices, margins, production capacity and delivery times?

The presentation should therefore be concise and focused on the decision.

Depending on the sector, they can be particularly useful:

company profile in American English;
sell sheet;
product sheets;
list of prices or price structure;
information on the production capacity;
any certifications;
commercial conditions;
information on distribution and logistics in the USA.

Made in Italy represents a valuable element, but it must be accompanied by a commercial proposal that is understandable to the American interlocutor.

4. The stand is not the end point

During the event, it is useful to quickly distinguish between occasional visitors and those who are genuinely interested.

For each qualified contact, at least the following should be recorded:

company and role;
reason for the interest;
market or covered territory;
product of interest;
any specific requirement;
Next step agreed upon.

The decisive point is precisely this last one.

“Staying in touch” rarely represents a real next step.

It is much better to conclude a conversation by agreeing on concrete action: sending samples, quoting, a second call, meeting with the buyer, verifying logistics, or exploring the possibility of a distribution.

5. The follow-up is part of the fair

A fair doesn't end when the stand is dismantled.

In fact, from a commercial perspective, it can begin right at that moment.

Contacts should be quickly classified based on priority and potential. A buyer who has requested a quote should not receive the same standard message sent to someone who has simply left their business card.

One possible system includes three categories:

A — priority opportunity: concrete interest and a defined next step.

B — qualified contact: interesting potential, but still to be developed.

C — contact to cultivate: no immediate opportunity, but possible future value.

The follow-up should therefore be personalized and linked to the conversation that took place during the event.

6. Measuring the business result

The success of the fair should not be measured solely by the number of leads.

More useful indicators could be:

qualified meetings scheduled before the event;
new buyers or distributors met;
requests for listing;
required champions;
scheduled commercial follow-up;
opportunities included in the pipeline;
open negotiations;
potential value of the generated pipeline.

These data also allow us to compare different manifestations and decide more consciously where to invest in the following years.

7. From the fair to the strategy for entering the USA

The fair can be a great accelerator, but it rarely replaces a market strategy.

For a company that wants to establish a stable presence in the United States, the involvement should be linked to a broader process that may include market analysis, identification of distribution channels, search for partners, business development, logistics, compliance and operational presence.

PACK EXPO Chicago and Vinitaly USA are current examples of events that attract Italian companies to the American market. ICE also reports on numerous other initiatives in the United States during October and the following months.

The question should therefore not be merely “Which fair are we participating in?”

The most useful question is:

“How do we integrate this trade show into our US business strategy?”

Frequently Asked Questions

How long before an USA trade show is it advisable to start the commercial preparations?

There is no valid timeframe for every sector, but the search for target audiences and contact with potential buyers, distributors and partners should begin well in advance to allow the participants to include the meetings in their agenda. For events with official matchmaking platforms, it is also advisable to promptly check the methods and deadlines provided by the organizer.

Is it better to look for many contacts or few qualified dates?

For B2B commercial development, quality tends to be more useful than simply volume. Defining the profile of the ideal distributor, buyer or partner before the event allows for focusing time and resources on those who are most consistent with the product, territory, distribution channel and company goals.

How is the ROI of a trade show measured in the United States?

The cost of participation can be compared not only with immediate sales, but also with the pipeline generated: qualified meetings, requests for quotes, samples, business opportunities, negotiations, and subsequent contracts. For long B2B sales cycles, it is important to continue monitoring even in the months following the event.

Is attending a trade show enough to enter the US market?

Generally no. A fair can accelerate contacts and knowledge of the market, but stable development often requires additional activities: market analysis, channel selection, partner search, commercial follow-up, logistics, and verification of any regulatory requirements applicable to the product.

How Link2America can support you

Link2America supports international companies in developing the US market through activities such as: Go-To-Market Advisory and Business Development, From defining the target audience to finding qualified contacts and partners, to commercial support and follow-up.

If you are planning a trade show in the United States, we can help you transform participation from a simple exhibition presence to an integral part of a US business strategy... Contact us!!

“FDA certification” for exporting to the USA: what does it really require?

Written by admin on September 30, 2026. Posted in GUIDE, news.

Category: Guide
Verification of sources: September 30, 2026

Do I need FDA certification to sell in the United States?” This is a reasonable question, but it contains a misunderstanding: there is no single FDA certification that authorizes any company to export any product to the USA.

For food and cosmetics, speaking generally about certification can confuse different requirements: plant registration, appointment of a US Agent, shipment communications, specific registrations, and label compliance. The path depends on the product, who produces it, and the structure of the import.

Registration and approval are different things

Registration places a facility on the FDA’s systems when required by law. It does not mean that FDA has approved the products, verified all labels, or certified the company’s quality.

The FDA clarifies that, in general, it does not pre-approve individual food importers, products, labels, or shipments. In cosmetics, registration and product listing do not equate to product approval. Instead, there are different processes for drugs, medical devices, and other categories: this guide focuses on food, beverages, and cosmetics.

A document issued by a private consultant does not therefore become an official certificate from the American authorities. Before purchasing a “certification”, it is necessary to understand what practice will actually be carried out.

Food and beverages: registration of the establishment

Facilities that produce, process, package, or hold food intended for consumption in the USA generally must register, subject to applicable exemptions. The requirement applies to the structure and activities of the facility: not every entity that markets a food must necessarily register.

The name, address, activity, food categories, and unique identifier of the establishment must be checked. FDA currently recognizes the DUNS number as an acceptable identifier for this registration. Inconsistent data may require further verification.

Food registration requires renewal every even number of years. The 2026 window runs from October 1st to December 31st. The FDA reminded on September 29 that an unregistered product will be considered expired. The FDA does not charge a registration or renewal fee; any professional fees and the US Agent service are separate costs.

US Agent: a precise reference, not all import roles

An overseas food facility subject to registration must designate a US Agent resident or with operations in the United States. Their role involves liaising with the FDA for the registered facility.

The US Agent does not automatically become an importer, distributor, customs broker, or FSVP responsible party. Before shipping, it is necessary to separately assign these responsibilities and verify who has actually accepted them.

When applicable, the Foreign Supplier Verification Program requires the FSVP importer to verify the foreign supplier and the risks of the food. The role is determined by the regulations and the situation at the time the goods enter; the mere appointment of a US Agent for registration does not absolve them.

Prior Notice: a compliance related to shipping

For imported foods subject to the regulations, FDA must receive the Prior Notice before arrival, following applicable procedures and timelines. There are exemptions that must be evaluated on a case-by-case basis.

The Prior Notice concerns shipment and does not replace registration of the establishment. A valid registration, in turn, does not replace communications regarding incoming goods. Exporters, importers, and logistics intermediaries must coordinate so that information and documents are consistent.

Some foods require additional practices

Not all foods follow the same path. Certain acidified foods and low-acid foods stored in airtight containers require specific registration of the processing and storage facilities, in accordance with the AF/LACF regulations.

Therefore, it is not enough to look at the trade name or the container: the formulation, process, and characteristics of the product are decisive. Other sectors, such as juices and fish products, have specific requirements. Wine and spirits may also require TTB compliance; for products under USDA jurisdiction, it is necessary to check the relevant regulations.

Labels: compliance, not a generic FDA approval

For foods that the FDA does not pre-approve labels for. The responsibility of complying with applicable requirements remains with the operators.

The verification can concern the labeling, ingredients, allergens, net quantity, nutritional information, responsible party, and commercial claims. Translating the European label into English does not guarantee American compliance. Any nutritional exemptions must also be carefully evaluated: they do not automatically eliminate the other obligations.

Cosmetics: the MoCRA route

For cosmetics, the MoCRA provides specific requirements, including registration of establishments and product listing, with exemptions and responsibilities to be verified. The renewal of cosmetic establishments follows its own biennial deadline: it should not be confused with the October–December window for food registration.

Safety, labeling, management of adverse events, and the role of the Responsible Person must also be evaluated. On September 9, 2026, the FDA reiterated that it does not issue certificates to demonstrate compliance with the registration of cosmetic establishments or the product listing.

The classification comes before the practices: composition, intended use and claim can also classify a product under the discipline of medicines.

Frequently asked questions about “FDA certification”

Is there a mandatory FDA certificate for exporting food to the United States?

There is no universal FDA certificate for exporting food to the USA. It is necessary to verify the obligations applicable to the product and operators: establishment registration, US Agent, Prior Notice, label compliance, and, when required, specific practices. Registration does not equate to FDA approval of the product; any private certifications are not official FDA-certified.

Does the US FDA Agent coincide with the FSVP importer?

Not automatically. The US Agent listed in the food registration is the US representative of the facility for contact with the FDA. The FSVP importer has separate responsibilities for verifying the foreign supplier, when applicable. The same entity can perform both roles if the conditions are met, but merely being appointed as US Agent is not enough.

Does the FDA registration replace the Prior Notice and the label verification?

No. The registration concerns the establishment; the Prior Notice concerns food shipments subject to the relevant regulations; the verification of labels concerns the information required about the product. These are separate obligations. However, a registered establishment may still export non-compliant goods if labels, shipping details, or other applicable requirements are incorrect.

Do cosmetics require the same FDA registration as food products?

No. Cosmetics follow the MoCRA process, with registration of establishments and product listing when applicable, as well as safety obligations and other responsibilities. Any exemptions must be verified. The October–December feed window does not determine cosmetic renewal. Registration and listing do not equate to FDA approval and do not entitle you to an official certificate of compliance.

Do you want to understand which practices are necessary for your project?

Perform the Level of Preparation Test of your company to the’Export to the USA

Or… if you feel ready:

Fill out the questionnaire on the page Link2America's FDA compliance practices for a preliminary assessment.

For cosmetics, please also consult the service Registration of cosmetics USA MoCRA from the services section.

General informational content, updated as of September 30, 2026. The obligations depend on the product, activity, involved parties, and any exemptions; it does not constitute legal advice or an assessment of the compliance of each product.

Where to start

Before exporting, prepare product sheets, composition, labels, plant data, and information about the importer and the sales channel. These elements allow identifying the applicable obligations and the professionals to be involved.

Do you want to understand which practices are necessary for your project?

Fill out the questionnaire on the page Link2America's FDA compliance practices for a preliminary assessment.

For cosmetics, please also consult the service Registration of cosmetics USA MoCRA from the services section.

Expanding a business into the US: how to integrate ERP, e-commerce, logistics, and data

Written by admin on September 9, 2026. Posted in GUIDE, news.

ERP, e-commerce, warehouse, 3PL, and Business Intelligence: a guide for Italian companies operating in the United States

Opening a company in the United States is often just the beginning of a path of growth.

When the US business grows in size, its operational complexity increases as well: new customers, orders, e-commerce, marketplaces, warehouses, 3PL logistics providers, inventory, administration, and reporting need to start communicating with each other.

And it is precisely in this phase that many companies encounter a common problem: The business is growing faster than the systems used to manage it.

Excel sheets, separate software, and manual procedures that worked with few orders can progressively become a source of inefficiency, errors, and poor visibility into the performance of the American company.

The solution does not necessarily consist in introducing new software.

Before choosing a technology, it is necessary to understand which processes must be integrated, which can be automated, and what information must be shared between the United States and the parent company.

Is your US company growing?

Link2America, in collaboration with CeleriTech, offers a Free preliminary USA Business Technology Check-Up to analyze the technological and operational structure of your company.

REQUEST THE FREE CHECK-UP

WHEN DOES A USED COMPANY NEED TO REVIEW ITS SYSTEMS?

There is no precise size beyond which it becomes necessary to introduce an ERP or reorganize the digital architecture.

However, there are some easily recognizable signs.

For example:

the same data is entered into multiple systems;
Excel has become indispensable for linking information from different software;
Online orders must be transferred manually;
the warehouse is not synchronized in real time with sales;
the company uses one or more 3PLs without a centralized view of the inventory;
administration, sales, and logistics use different data;
the Italian branch is struggling to obtain up-to-date information from the US company;
Producing a consolidated report requires a lot of manual labor;
Management and ownership are unable to quickly view sales, margins, stock, and key KPIs.

When several of these issues occur simultaneously, the problem is often not the individual software.

It is the overall architecture of the processes that must be rethought.

WHAT IS AN ERP AND WHAT IS IT USED FOR BY A US COMPANY?

ERP stands for Enterprise Resource Planning.

In simple terms, an ERP makes it possible to centralize and coordinate different business processes within a single management architecture.

Depending on the structure of the business, an ERP can manage or connect:

CUSTOMERS → SALES → ORDERS → INVENTORY → WAREHOUSE → LOGISTICS → ADMINISTRATION → REPORTING

The main advantage does not simply consist in having “better software”.

True value comes from the ability to create a continuous and coherent flow of information among the various company departments.

ERP ITALY-USA: HOW TO CONNECT THE AMERICAN BRANCH TO THE PARENT COMPANY?

This is one of the most frequent needs for Italian companies developing a direct presence in the United States.

American society may have different processes, systems, and needs than the parent company.

At the same time, management must be able to consolidate information such as:

Sales;
orders;
Clients;
inventory;
purchases;
administrative data;
KPI;
marginality;
market performance.

The solution does not necessarily consist in using the exact same system in both countries.

In some cases it may be preferable to extend the parent company's ERP to the US subsidiary. In others, it may be more effective to use different yet fully integrated systems.

The choice depends on the company's operating model.

For this reason, process analysis should always precede the choice of technology.

E-COMMERCE, MARKETPLACE AND ERP: WHY DO THEY NEED TO COMMUNICATE?

For a company that sells in the United States through e-commerce or marketplaces, integration becomes even more important.

Let's think about an order placed through Shopify, WooCommerce, Amazon, or a B2B portal.

Ideally, that order should automatically generate a workflow involving:

E-COMMERCE → ORDER → INVENTORY → WAREHOUSE/3PL → SHIPPING → ADMINISTRATION → REPORTING

When these systems do not communicate, manual activities begin instead.

An order is exported, imported, copied, or verified by a person. The stock is updated with a delay. The data is transferred to another system.

Every manual step introduces costs, delays, and the possibility of error.

Instead, integration allows automate a significant part of the order-to-fulfillment process.

WAREHOUSES AND 3PLS: HOW TO CONTROL INVENTORY IN THE USA

Many foreign companies start operations in the United States by outsourcing their logistics to a 3PL – Third-Party Logistics provider.

It is an extremely widespread solution because it allows the use of an external operator for storage, order preparation, and shipping without immediately creating one's own warehouse.

The complexity increases, however, when the company uses:

multiple warehouses;
various 3PLs;
e-commerce;
marketplace;
B2B sales;
stock transfers between different locations.

In such cases, it becomes essential to be able to quickly know:

how much product is available, where it is located, how much is already committed by orders, and when it needs to be reordered.

ERP, WMS (Warehouse Management System) and integrations with 3PL systems can make it possible to create a centralized view of inventory and logistical flows.

BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE: FROM DATA TO DECISIONS

Digitizing a company does not just mean automating operations.

It also means transforming the data produced daily by the business into information usable by management.

Through systems of Business Intelligence and dashboard, a company can monitor indicators such as:

revenue;
margin;
sales by product;
sales by customer;
channel performance;
inventory value;
inventory turnover;
order trend;
sales performance;
American company KPIs.

The goal is to gradually reach a situation where management does not have to ask:

“Can someone prepare an Excel file for me with this data?”

so that he can directly access the information needed to make a decision.

WHEN IS IT TIME TO INTRODUCE OR CHANGE AN ERP?

It is not always necessary to start immediately with a complex ERP solution.

An American startup with few clients and a simple operational structure will have very different needs from a company that manages thousands of orders, multiple sales channels, and several warehouses.

Architecture should therefore be proportionate to the actual complexity of the company and designed with future growth in mind.

Among the signs that may indicate the need for an overhaul are:

Volume growth – customers, products, orders, or transactions increase.

New channels - e-commerce, marketplaces, or B2B sales are added.

New warehouses – increases inventory complexity.

Geographical expansion - the company operates in multiple states or locations.

Too many manual processes – people are spending more and more time transferring information between systems.

Reporting difficulties – obtaining reliable data requires continuous manual processing.

DO NOT START WITH THE SOFTWARE: START WITH THE PROCESSES

One of the most common mistakes is asking yourself immediately:

“What is the best ERP for my company?”

The correct question should be:

“How should my company operate and what systems are needed to support these processes?”

Only after answering this question does it make sense to evaluate ERP, CRM, WMS, Business Intelligence, e-commerce integration, and automation tools.

This approach also makes it possible to avoid one of the most costly mistakes in technology projects: purchasing a platform and subsequently trying to adapt the company to the software.

LINK2AMERICA AND CELERITECH: BUSINESS USA + TECHNOLOGY

To support Italian companies in this journey, Link2America collaborates with CeleriTech, an international company specializing in the digitization and integration of business processes.

The collaboration combines complementary skills.

Link2America contributes knowledge of the US market, the needs of foreign companies operating in the United States, and the processes related to the development of US operations.

CeleriTech brings specialized technological skills in the field of ERP, SAP, e-commerce, Warehouse Management Systems (WMS), Business Intelligence, system integration and business process automation.

The goal is not to propose a specific platform a priori.

First we analyze the business. Then we define the technology needed to support it.

WHERE TO START? USA BUSINESS TECHNOLOGY CHECK-UP

If you already have a company in the United States, are planning to open one, or your US operations are becoming more complex, the first step may simply be understanding where the main inefficiencies and integration opportunities lie today.

For this reason, Link2America, in collaboration with CeleriTech, provides a:

FREE USA BUSINESS TECHNOLOGY CHECK-UP

Through a short questionnaire we collect information about your current structure:

activity of the US company;
sales channels;
e-commerce and marketplace;
order management;
warehouses and 3PL;
software used;
ERP possibly already present;
connections with the parent company;
reporting;
main operational issues.

Information is used to make a free preliminary initial assessment and identify the areas where it might be useful to intervene.

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Remote Online Notarization for International Clients: Questions People Ask Before They Sign

Written by admin on August 27, 2026. Posted in GUIDE.

By this point in the series, you may already know that remote online notarization lets you sign and notarize a U.S. document from outside the country. What we haven’t covered yet is the handful of questions that come up right before someone actually schedules a session — the “wait, but will this actually work for me” questions. This article collects the most common ones, with honest answers.

A quick note on tone before we start: some of these answers are going to be some version of “it depends.” That’s not us dodging the question — it’s genuinely the honest answer, because acceptance and recognition depend on details specific to your document and situation. Where that’s the case, we’ll tell you plainly, and point you to a direct conversation instead of a guess.

“Does It Matter Where I Am When I Sign?”

This is probably the single most common question we get. In a remote session, you join from wherever you are, using a video connection, rather than being in the same room as the notary. For most of the situations our international clients bring to us, this works well and is exactly the point of the service.

If you want to see exactly what a session involves before you commit to anything, our step-by-step guide for non-U.S. residentswalks through the whole process. Whether it’s the right fit for your specific document is still worth confirming directly rather than assuming — contact us and we’ll walk through your situation with you.

“Is This Recognized Outside the State Where My Notary Is Based?”

Generally, a notarized document is usable well beyond the state where the notary is commissioned — that’s a normal, everyday part of how notarization works in the U.S., not something unique to remote sessions. We say “generally” rather than “always” because the specifics can still depend on the type of document and where it’s headed, so if this matters for your situation, it’s worth a quick conversation rather than an assumption.

“Will a Bank, Court, or Government Office Accept It?”

Here’s the most honest answer we can give: it depends entirely on the receiving party. A bank, a court, a government office, or a foreign registry each has its own requirements, and those requirements aren’t something we can guarantee from our end — no notary or notary service can promise that a third party will accept a given document, and you should be cautious of anyone who tells you otherwise.

What we can do is have a direct conversation about your specific document and destination, and share what we’ve seen work in similar situations. If this is a document where acceptance really matters — a real estate closing, a court filing, an account opening — that conversation is worth having before you sign, not after. Reach out to us with the details.

“Will It Work in My Country?”

If your question is really about a document that originated outside the U.S. — or needs to be used by an authority outside the U.S. — that’s a slightly different topic from remote notarization itself. We cover it in more detail in our guide on foreign documents and the U.S. notarization system, which walks through where translation and document authentication typically fit in.

“How Do I Know the Session Itself Is Secure and Trustworthy?”

This is a fair question, especially if you’ve never done anything like this before. In general, a professional remote session involves an identity-verification step before you ever get on the call, a recorded video session, and a digital record of what happened during the notarization. None of that is a claim about how any particular third party will treat the resulting document — it’s simply a description of what a properly run session looks like, and it’s the standard we hold ourselves to.

“What If My Situation Doesn’t Fit Neatly Into Any of These Questions?”

That happens more often than you’d think, and it’s completely fine. The honest answer to most of the questions above is “it depends on your document and situation” — so if yours is a little unusual, the fastest way to get a real answer is to tell us about it directlyrather than try to match it to a general FAQ.

Frequently Asked Questions

Do I need to be physically located in the same state as my notary?

No — that’s the point of a remote session. You join from wherever you are. Contact us to confirm this fits your specific document.

Can you guarantee my document will be accepted by [a specific bank, court, or agency]?

No one can responsibly guarantee that — acceptance is up to the receiving party. We can talk through your specific situation and share what we’ve seen work for similar cases.

Is a recorded video session normal, or is that unusual?

It’s a standard part of how a professional remote session is generally run, along with identity verification and a digital record of the notarization.

What should I do if I’m not sure any of this applies to my document?

Reach out and describe your document and situation. We’ll give you a direct answer rather than ask you to guess from general information.

A Note Before You Proceed

This article is provided for general informational purposes only and does not constitute legal, tax, or immigration advice. Whether a document, once notarized, will be accepted by a particular bank, court, government office, or foreign authority depends on that party’s own requirements and cannot be guaranteed. Nothing in this content creates an attorney-client relationship or any other professional relationship.

Before relying on this information for an actual transaction, filing, or legal matter, contact us directly to review your specific document and circumstances. We’ll evaluate your case individually and confirm the right process before you proceed.

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Studying in the United States without a millionaire's fortune: the guide to the path that (almost) no one tells you about

Written by admin on August 26, 2026. Posted in GUIDE, news.

Every year, thousands of students around the world dismiss the idea of studying in the USA before even trying, convinced that it is a door reserved only for those who can afford it. It is a costly mistake: the most prestigious American universities not only accept international students, but in many cases they commit to covering the entire cost of studies—tuition, room, and board—regardless of nationality or family income.

This guide does not promise shortcuts. It promises clarity: what actually exists, how it works, and where to start.

The starting point: you are an “international student,” period

If you do not have US citizenship or permanent residency, for universities you are simply an international student — whether you come from Italy, Brazil, Vietnam, or Kenya, the admission process and access to institutional financial aid do not change. No international student arrives with a visa already in hand: the visa (F-1, generally) is applied for after admission, when the university issues you the I-20 form. It's an administrative step, not a departure obstacle.

What really changes is not the nationality, but how prepared you are for the system.

What a scholarship really covers

Not all scholarships are the same, and this is where many applicants are left disappointed after “winning” something that actually covers very little:

Full-ride / full-needtuition, board, lodging, books, and in some cases even a contribution for flights. It is the maximum level, typical of universities need-blind.
Partial merit-based: a percentage of tuition, based on grades and test scores — on average, around $20,000 a year, often one-third of the total cost.
Need-based: calculated based on documented family income; at need-blind universities, it can cover 100% of the documented need.
Teaching Assistantship (Master's and PhD): This isn't strictly speaking a scholarship, but rather a stipend in exchange for research or teaching work—the norm for most graduate students, especially in STEM fields.

What almost no scholarship covers: mandatory health insurance, visa fees, and often the flight (with some exceptions).

Universities Worth Knowing About

Need-blind for international students — Admission is evaluated without regard to financial circumstances, with a commitment to cover 100% of demonstrated financial need: Harvard, Yale, Princeton, MIT, Amherst, Dartmouth, Bowdoin, Washington and Lee, and, more recently, Brown and Notre Dame. These are the most selective universities in the world, but also the most generous: most of them, however, do not offer merit-based scholarships—only need-based ones, so actual financial need is the primary consideration.

Need-aware but generous: Stanford and Columbia are not need-blind, but they provide substantial financial aid to international students, which has minimal impact on the admissions decision.

Total Merit Scholarships: Universities such as the University of Miami, Duke, and Boston University offer full scholarships based solely on academic merit, which are also available to students who do not have to demonstrate financial need.

Master's and PhD: the keyword is assistantship. Many doctoral programs, particularly in the sciences, offer full funding with no out-of-pocket costs—and sometimes even a stipend.

The documents you'll need to prepare

For the academic application

Common App or Coalition App (application form)
Personal Essays (Personal Statements and Supplemental Essays)
Translated report cards and diplomas, and if requested, evaluated by an equivalency body
Letters of Recommendation
TOEFL or IELTS, plus SAT/ACT (undergraduate) or GRE/GMAT (graduate—increasingly less common)

For financial assistance

CSS Profile — required by most need-based colleges; registration opens on October 1
International Student Financial Aid Application, where the FAFSA does not apply (for U.S. citizens and residents only)
Family income documentation: tax returns, pay stubs, bank statements

After admission, for the visa

Form I-20, issued by the university
Form DS-160 for the F-1 visa application
SEVIS Fee Payment Receipt
Proof of financial stability and a valid passport

A Realistic Timeline

The process takes 12–18 months: language and standardized tests in the first phase, university research and selection beginning 10 to 12 months prior, and applications with Early Decision/Action deadlines in November, decisions between December and March, and finally—only after admission—the visa application.

A clarification that applies to everyone

Whether you are European, Latin American, Asian, or African, the backbone of the system is identical. What changes instead are the “local” opportunities: each country has its own Fulbright Commission with specific calls and deadlines, and there are national or regional foundations that fund only students from a certain geographic area. The most effective strategy is always the same: build the application around the right universities, and back it up with 2-3 specific scholarships from your home country.

This possibility exists, is real, and is more accessible than it seems — but it requires method, time, and the right strategy from the very first step. If you want to be guided through the entire journey, from choosing universities to completing every document, we can help you step by step.

If you would like support in preparing the necessary documentation and assistance during the process, use the button below to access the preliminary questionnaire, which will allow us to provide you with more personalized assistance.

CLICK HERE TO FILL OUT THE PRELIMINARY QUESTIONNAIRE

FAQ.

Is it true that some American universities cover 100% of the costs for international students? Yes. “Need-blind” universities for international students—including Harvard, Yale, Princeton, MIT, Amherst, Dartmouth, Bowdoin, and Brown—admit students without considering their financial situation and commit to covering 100% of the admitted student’s demonstrated financial need.

Do you already need to have a visa to apply to an American university? No. The visa (generally F-1) is only applied for after receiving the acceptance letter and the I-20 form from the university. No international student has a visa prior to admission.

Are American scholarships only available to those with low family incomes? No. There are both need-based grants and merit-based scholarships, awarded solely on the basis of academic performance, which are also available to those who have no financial need to demonstrate.

What is the CSS Profile and what is its purpose? It is the form that most need-based universities require international students to complete in order to calculate financial need and determine the amount of financial aid. It replaces the FAFSA, which is reserved for US citizens and residents.

Can international students access American federal loans? No. US federal loans are restricted to citizens and permanent residents. International students can only access private loans, which almost always require a US cosigner.

What is the difference between a need-blind and a need-aware scholarship? At need-blind universities, the candidate's financial situation does not influence the admission decision in any way. At need-aware universities, on the other hand, financial need may be considered during the selection process, while still maintaining even generous aid packages in some cases (e.g., Stanford, Columbia).

Is the Fulbright grant the same for all countries? No. The Fulbright Program is bilateral: each country has its own Fulbright Commission, with specific calls for applications, deadlines, quotas, and requirements. There is no single Fulbright application valid for all countries worldwide.

How far in advance should you start preparing your application? Between 12 and 18 months before the admission deadline, to allow enough time to take language and standardized tests, choose the universities, and prepare all the required documentation.

What does a “full-ride” scholarship cover exactly? Typically university tuition, board, lodging, and textbooks; in some cases also a contribution for flights. Rarely covers mandatory health insurance and visa expenses.

Are there scholarships similar to those for a Bachelor's degree for a Master's or a PhD? For Master's and PhD programs, the most common form of funding is not a scholarship, but an assistantship: a stipend in exchange for research or teaching duties, which often zeros out the net cost of studies, especially in STEM fields.

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Foreign Document, U.S. Requirement: Apostille, Translation & Legalization Explained

Written by admin on August 24, 2026. Posted in GUIDE.

So far in this series we’ve covered how someone living outside the U.S. can notarize an American document remotely. This article covers the reverse situation, which comes up just as often: you have a document that wasn’t issued in the United States — a foreign power of attorney, a foreign business record, a birth or marriage certificate — and it needs to work within the American legal or financial system. If you haven’t read our step-by-step guide for non-U.S. residents yet, it’s a useful starting point before this one.

Notarization, Apostille, and Legalization — What’s the Difference, in Plain Terms?

These three words get used almost interchangeably, which causes a lot of unnecessary confusion. At a high level, they refer to different things:

Notarization is when a notary confirms a signer’s identity and witnesses a signature.

Authentication (often called an apostille, in countries that participate in a particular international authentication framework) is a way of confirming that a notary’s or official’s signature and seal are genuine, so a document can be recognized in another country.

Legalization is a broader term sometimes used for the process of getting a document formally recognized for use in a foreign country, which can involve additional steps beyond notarization or authentication.

These are general definitions meant to give you the shape of the process, not a step-by-step procedure for your document. The exact steps that apply to you depend on your document, where it’s from, and where it’s going — contact us directly with those details and we’ll tell you what’s actually needed.

Can a U.S. Notary Work With a Foreign-Language or Foreign-Issued Document?

Often, yes — but it’s worth understanding what a notary’s role actually covers. Broadly speaking, a notary confirms who signed a document and witnesses that signing; a notary is generally not certifying the accuracy or legal effect of the document’s content, especially when that content is in a language the notary doesn’t work in.

This distinction matters because it shapes what happens next. Whether your specific foreign document is a good fit for notarization as-is, or needs another step first, is something we can tell you once we’ve seen the document — general rules only go so far here.

Why Translation Sometimes Comes Into Play

If a document is in a language other than English, translation sometimes becomes part of the process before notarization can move forward. We say “sometimes” deliberately: whether translation is needed, and at what point in the process, depends on the specific document and who will ultimately receive it.

Rather than lay out a fixed sequence that may not match your situation, the more useful step is to send us the document so we can tell you exactly where translation fits, if it’s needed at all.

Why Requirements Differ From Country to Country

One of the most common questions we get is some version of, “what do I need to do to make this document work in [country]?” It’s a completely reasonable question, and it’s also one we can’t answer in general terms responsibly — authentication and recognition requirements vary significantly depending on the destination country, the type of document, and the institution that will ultimately receive it.

This is exactly the kind of detail worth confirming directly rather than assuming based on something general you’ve read. If you can tell us your document type and destination country, we’ll walk you through what applies.

Common Situations International Clients Bring to Us

A few scenarios come up often enough to mention specifically — not as a how-to, but so you can see whether your situation is a familiar one.

A foreign power of attorney connected to U.S. real estate. Someone abroad has already signed a power of attorney in their home country, and it needs to work for a transaction happening in the U.S.

Foreign business documents for U.S. company formation. A foreign entity or foreign officer needs documentation in place to form or operate a business in the United States.

Foreign civil documents tied to a U.S. filing. A birth certificate, marriage certificate, or similar civil record issued abroad needs to be part of a filing or application in the U.S.

If one of these sounds like your situation, it’s a good sign that we’ve likely handled something similar before — but every document still gets reviewed individually before we tell you what’s needed.

What Working With Us Generally Looks Like

The process usually starts the same way regardless of the specifics: you send us the document (or tell us about it if you don’t have it in hand yet), we review it and tell you plainly what steps apply — translation, notarization, authentication, some combination, or none of the above — and then we help you move through whichever of those steps fall within what we handle directly.

If a step falls outside what we handle — for example, an authentication process that has to go through a specific government office — we’ll tell you that clearly too, rather than leave you guessing. For the practical, session-by-session version of this process for documents that don’t have this extra layer, see our guide to remote notarization for international clients.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is a U.S. notary the same thing as an apostille?

No — they’re related but different. A notary witnesses a signature and confirms identity; authentication (sometimes called an apostille) is a separate step that confirms a notary’s or official’s signature is genuine, used when a document needs to be recognized in another country. Contact us to find out which of these, if any, applies to your document.

Do I need my document translated before it can be notarized?

Sometimes, depending on the document and where it’s going. Send us the details and we’ll tell you whether translation applies to your situation and where it fits in the process.

Will my document be accepted in my home country after this process?

That depends on the receiving country, institution, and document type, and it’s not something we can promise in general terms. We’re glad to talk through your specific situation, and our article on questions international clients ask before they sign covers this same concern in more depth.

What if I’m not sure whether my document needs anything beyond notarization?

That’s a very normal starting point. Send it to us and we’ll review it and tell you clearly what applies, rather than asking you to figure it out first.

A Note Before You Proceed

This article is provided for general informational purposes only and does not constitute legal, tax, or immigration advice. Notarization, translation, and authentication requirements vary by document type, country of origin, destination country, and the specific facts of each situation, and the terms used here can carry different meanings depending on jurisdiction. Nothing in this content creates an attorney-client relationship or any other professional relationship, and no guarantee is made that any document processed through this service will be accepted by any particular third party, court, agency, or foreign authority. Before relying on this information for an actual transaction, filing, or legal matter, contact us directly to review your specific document and circumstances. We’ll evaluate your case individually and confirm the right process before you proceed

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