{"id":2054,"date":"2026-05-20T15:38:43","date_gmt":"2026-05-20T15:38:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/link2america.us\/?p=2054"},"modified":"2026-07-17T13:40:50","modified_gmt":"2026-07-17T13:40:50","slug":"panama-offshore-italian-taxation-panama","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/link2america.us\/en\/sa-panama-offshore-fiscalita-italiani-panama\/","title":{"rendered":"Setting up a Corporation (S.A.) in Panama in 2026: Complete guide for Italian citizens"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Introduction<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In recent years, Panama has become one of the most interesting destinations for Italian entrepreneurs, investors, and retirees who want to internationalize their business or truly relocate their residence abroad.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">But when talking about:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>S.A. Panamensi,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>offshore company,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>international taxation,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>tax residence,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>relations with Italy,<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">There is a lot of confusion online. One of the most common misunderstandings concerns precisely the difference between:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>a normal one&nbsp;<strong>Panamanian Corporation (S.A.)<\/strong><br>e<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>a so-called \u201coffshore company\u201d.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In fact, many think that:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201copening a company in Panama automatically means creating an offshore company.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Actually, that is not the case.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Understanding this distinction is essential to avoiding tax, banking, and international compliance errors.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What is a Panamanian Sociedad An\u00f3nima (S.A.)?<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The&nbsp;<strong>Corporation (Inc.)<\/strong>&nbsp;It is a standard corporation provided for by Panamanian corporate law.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">From a legal perspective:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>it is not automatically offshore,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is not illegal,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is not a \u201csecret\u201d structure.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It is simply a company used to:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>business,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>investments,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>holding,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>consultancy,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>international trade,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>local or international operational activities.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Do you need Panamanian citizenship to open a corporation (S.A.)?<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">No.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To establish a&nbsp;<strong>Corporation (Inc.)<\/strong>&nbsp;in Panama it is normally not necessary:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link2america.us\/en\/panamanian-residency\/\">to be Panamanian citizens<\/a>;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>to have already obtained citizenship;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>already have permanent residency.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In many cases, foreign citizens can also participate in the formation of a Panamanian corporation (S.A.).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">However, it is very important to understand that:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>incorporate a company,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link2america.us\/en\/panamanian-residency\/\">obtain residency<\/a>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>open a bank account,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>operate locally,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>manage taxation and compliance,<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">they are distinct aspects that must be properly planned.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>some banks may require additional documentation;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the <a href=\"https:\/\/link2america.us\/en\/panamanian-residency\/\">residence<\/a> it can facilitate some processes;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>certain local operational activities may require additional authorizations;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>International taxation must always be evaluated in the personal context of the owner.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Main characteristics of the S.p.A.<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Appearance<\/th><th>Inc. Panama<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Limited liability<\/td><td>Yes<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Legal personality<\/td><td>Yes<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Public register<\/td><td>Yes<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Territorial taxation<\/td><td>Yes<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Shareholders<\/td><td>Minimum 1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Directors<\/td><td>Usually 3<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>International business<\/td><td>Possible<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The great confusion: normal S.A. vs. offshore company<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Here is where the real misunderstanding arises.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Many sites talk generally about:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cPanamanian offshore company\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">as if a completely different corporate form existed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In practice, however, the difference is not so much about the type of company, but rather:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>the way society is used,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>where does it operate,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>where it generates income,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>where does the owner live,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the real economic substance,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>international compliance.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Is there really a difference between a corporation and an offshore corporation?<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Yes, but above all at the level:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>operational,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>tax,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>banking,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>international.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">From a legal standpoint, the structure is very often always:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">a standard Panamanian Corporation.<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The difference stems from the operating context.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Practical difference between an operational S.A. and an international offshore structure<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Appearance<\/th><th>Operational S.A. Panama<\/th><th>S.A. Internazionale \/ Offshore<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Registration<\/td><td>Panama<\/td><td>Panama<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Legal form<\/td><td>A.S.<\/td><td>A.S.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Business locale Panama<\/td><td>Yes<\/td><td>Limited or absent<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Income generated in Panama<\/td><td>Yes<\/td><td>Mostly esters<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Notice of Operation<\/td><td>Generally yes<\/td><td>It depends<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Local employees<\/td><td>Often yes<\/td><td>Not necessarily<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Purpose<\/td><td>Business locale<\/td><td>International business<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Accounting<\/td><td>More structured<\/td><td>Variable<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Banking compliance<\/td><td>Locale<\/td><td>Inter Milan<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">When is an S.A. NOT truly \u201coffshore\u201d?<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A Panamanian S.A. can be a perfectly normal and legitimate structure when:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>the entrepreneur actually lives in Panama,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>business is international,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The management is consistent,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>economic substance,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the structure is declared correctly,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Banking and tax compliance requirements are met.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">When, on the other hand, does a structure become risky?<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The problems begin when:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>residence abroad is merely formal,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The owner continues to live primarily in Italy,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The business is managed from Italy,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the company has no real economic substance,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The structure is used solely to \u201cdisappear for tax purposes.\u201d.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Here&#x27;s where the following can come into play:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>esterification,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>tax disputes,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>fiscal monitoring,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>banking issues,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>CRS,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>international audits.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&quot;Offshore&quot; does NOT automatically mean illegal<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This is a very important point.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The term:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">offshore<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">does not automatically mean:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>tax evasion,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>concealment,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>illegality.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In technical terms, it simply means:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">an entity used for international activities or activities outside the country of incorporation.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">An international Panamanian corporation may be:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>perfectly legal,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>declared,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>compliant,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>tax-compliant.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Panama and Territorial Taxation<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">One of the most interesting aspects of Panama is its territorial tax system.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In general:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Income earned in Panama is taxed;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Much of the income earned abroad may not be subject to local taxation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">However, this does NOT automatically mean:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cNo taxes anywhere.\u201d.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">You should always analyze:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>personal tax residence,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>source of income,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>effective management of the company,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>relations with Italy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Panamanian residency and Italian tax residency do not automatically coincide<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Many believe that is enough:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link2america.us\/en\/panamanian-residency\/\">obtain Panamanian residency,<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>to have the ID card,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>open a company,<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">to automatically lose Italian tax residency.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">That is not necessarily the case.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Can the Italian Revenue Agency continue to consider an individual as a tax resident in Italy who:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>lives predominantly in Italy,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>maintains its primary focus in Italy,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>runs the business from Italy,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>maintains family or primary business activities in Italy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Issue of Foreign Investment<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">One of the most significant risks is that of:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">foreign corporate shell registration.<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Basically:<br>a foreign company can be considered tax-resident in Italy if:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>is administered by Italy,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Decisions are made in Italy,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>There is a lack of real economic substance abroad.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Problematic practical example<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mario:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>sets up a corporation in Panama,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>obtains Panamanian residency,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>but continues:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>to live in Italy for most of the year,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>use the Italian version of Office,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>manage Italian clients,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>operate primarily from Italy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This situation could become very risky from a tax perspective.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Most consistent example<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Luca:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>He actually lives in Panama,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>has a coherent international structure,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>cross-border business,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>compatible operational management,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Accounts and documentation in order.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The position is much more defensible.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Does the Panamanian S.A. need to be declared in Italy?<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">It depends.<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It depends mainly on:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>personal tax residence,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>equity investments,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>corporate control,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>applicable Italian law,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>any monitoring obligations.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">RW Section and tax monitoring<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If the individual is still a tax resident in Italy:<br>There may be obligations related to:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Part RW,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>foreign accounts,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>foreign shareholdings,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>tax monitoring.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">CRS and automatic exchange of information<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Many still believe that Panama is completely \u201cinvisible.\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It is no longer like that.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Today there exist:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>CRS,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>KYC,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>international banking compliance,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>anti-money laundering checks,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>beneficial ownership checks.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Banks are increasingly demanding:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>documentation,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>economic substance,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>transparency,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>international consistency.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dividends and use of profits<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Another very common mistake is to think:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cThe company's money is automatically personal.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">That's not how it is.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Company and natural person are distinct entities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The distribution of profits:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>can have tax implications,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>can generate declaration obligations,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>it must be planned correctly.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Simplified tax scheme<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Theme<\/th><th>Panama<\/th><th>Italy<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Tax system<\/td><td>Territorial<\/td><td>Worldwide taxation<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Panama Company<\/td><td>Legitimate<\/td><td>It needs to be analyzed from a tax perspective<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Residence<\/td><td>Possible<\/td><td>The loss of Italian residency must be verified.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Foreign accounts<\/td><td>Normal<\/td><td>Possible reporting obligations<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>CRS<\/td><td>Present<\/td><td>Present<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Dividends<\/td><td>Variable<\/td><td>Potential tax relevance<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The most common mistakes<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Thinking that offshore means invisibility<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It is no longer like that.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. Establish residency only formally<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Very risky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. Manage everything from Italy<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It can create disputes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. Open structures without economic substance<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Very common mistake.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. Ignore Italian taxation and compliance<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">One of the main risks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Can Panama still be a viable solution?<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">But only if:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The transfer is real,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The structure is consistent,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>society has a concrete economic logic,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>economic substance,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Compliance is respected.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cAggressive\u201d or artificial structures are much riskier today than in the past.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Frequently Asked Questions<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Do you need Panamanian citizenship to open a corporation (S.A.)?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">No. Foreign citizens can also normally participate in the formation of a Panamanian S.A.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Are all Panamanian companies offshore?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">No. It depends on how they are used and managed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Does offshore mean illegal?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Absolutely not. It depends on the structure and on tax and banking compliance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Does Panama share banking information?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">There are international compliance and CRS systems.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Is it really necessary to live in Panama?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yes. The actual substance is essential.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Can I automatically deduct Italian taxes?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It&#x27;s not right to think that way. What matters is your actual financial and personal situation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conclusion<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">One&nbsp;<strong>Panamanian S.A.<\/strong>&nbsp;It can be an extremely useful tool for:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>international entrepreneurs,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>investors,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>retirees,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>cross-border business.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The real difference today isn&#x27;t really that great:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cRegular Company vs. Offshore Company\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">but:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>how the facility is used,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>where it is managed,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>where the owner actually lives,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>to what extent it is consistent from both a tax and operational perspective.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Panama should not be viewed as:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>tax loophole,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&quot;magic&quot; solution,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>opaque structure.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">On the other hand, it could serve as a very interesting international platform if developed properly and with the support of professionals who understand both the Panamanian and Italian sides.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Every international project is different, and there are no one-size-fits-all solutions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If you are considering Panama as a possible solution for your personal, business, or international project, the best advice is to thoroughly evaluate your specific situation before making any operational decisions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-text-align-center wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/link2america.us\/en\/panama\/\">Click here to learn about all our services in Panama <\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In fact, each case has different implications in terms of:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>corporate structure,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>residence,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>international taxation,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>banking compliance,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>relations with Italy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udc49 To receive more information and request an initial preliminary assessment, you can fill out the dedicated form on the page:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a href=\"https:\/\/link2america.us\/en\/legal-advice-in-panama-company-incorporation\/\" type=\"link\" id=\"https:\/\/link2america.us\/consulenza-legale-a-panama-costituzione-societa\/\">Legal advice in Panama and company incorporation<\/a><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">or<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udc49 You can directly book a free preliminary call with one of our experts by clicking here:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a href=\"https:\/\/calendly.com\/link2america\/30min?back=1&amp;month=2026-05&amp;utm_source=chatgpt.com\">Book a free preliminary call<\/a><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Introduzione Negli ultimi anni&nbsp;Panama&nbsp;\u00e8 diventata una delle destinazioni pi\u00f9 interessanti per imprenditori, investitori e pensionati italiani che desiderano internazionalizzare il proprio business o trasferire realmente la propria residenza all\u2019estero. Ma quando si parla di: online si trova moltissima confusione. Uno degli equivoci pi\u00f9 comuni riguarda proprio la differenza tra: Molti pensano infatti che: \u201caprire una [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2055,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[37,3],"tags":[49,50],"class_list":["post-2054","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-guide","category-news","tag-s-a-panama","tag-societa-anonima-panama"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Costituire una Societ\u00e0 Anonima (S.A.) a Panama nel 2026: guida completa per cittadini italiani - Link2America Consulenti Mercati USA e LATAM<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Guida completa sulla costituzione di una S.A. panamense, differenze con le strutture offshore, fiscalit\u00e0, obblighi verso l\u2019Italia e compliance internazionale\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/link2america.us\/en\/panama-offshore-italian-taxation-panama\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"S.A. Panama e fiscalit\u00e0 italiana: guida completa 2026\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Guida completa sulla costituzione di una S.A. panamense, differenze con le strutture offshore, fiscalit\u00e0, obblighi verso l\u2019Italia e compliance internazionale.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/link2america.us\/en\/panama-offshore-italian-taxation-panama\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Link2America Consulenti Mercati USA e LATAM\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-05-20T15:38:43+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-07-17T13:40:50+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/link2america.us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/S.A.-Panama-e-fiscalita-italiana-guida-completa-2026.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1774\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"887\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"8 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/link2america.us\\\/sa-panama-offshore-fiscalita-italiani-panama\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/link2america.us\\\/sa-panama-offshore-fiscalita-italiani-panama\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"admin\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/link2america.us\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/4d39a7204159bcd22f904bf6cd3fe1bc\"},\"headline\":\"Costituire una Societ\u00e0 Anonima (S.A.) a Panama nel 2026: guida completa per cittadini italiani\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-05-20T15:38:43+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-07-17T13:40:50+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/link2america.us\\\/sa-panama-offshore-fiscalita-italiani-panama\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1444,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/link2america.us\\\/sa-panama-offshore-fiscalita-italiani-panama\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/link2america.us\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/S.A.-Panama-e-fiscalita-italiana-guida-completa-2026.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"S.A. Panama\",\"Societa Anonima Panama\"],\"articleSection\":[\"GUIDE\",\"news\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/link2america.us\\\/sa-panama-offshore-fiscalita-italiani-panama\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/link2america.us\\\/sa-panama-offshore-fiscalita-italiani-panama\\\/\",\"name\":\"Costituire una Societ\u00e0 Anonima (S.A.) a Panama nel 2026: guida completa per cittadini italiani - Link2America Consulenti Mercati USA e LATAM\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/link2america.us\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/link2america.us\\\/sa-panama-offshore-fiscalita-italiani-panama\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/link2america.us\\\/sa-panama-offshore-fiscalita-italiani-panama\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/link2america.us\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/S.A.-Panama-e-fiscalita-italiana-guida-completa-2026.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-05-20T15:38:43+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-07-17T13:40:50+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/link2america.us\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/4d39a7204159bcd22f904bf6cd3fe1bc\"},\"description\":\"Guida completa sulla costituzione di una S.A. panamense, differenze con le strutture offshore, fiscalit\u00e0, obblighi verso l\u2019Italia e compliance internazionale\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/link2america.us\\\/sa-panama-offshore-fiscalita-italiani-panama\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/link2america.us\\\/sa-panama-offshore-fiscalita-italiani-panama\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/link2america.us\\\/sa-panama-offshore-fiscalita-italiani-panama\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/link2america.us\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/S.A.-Panama-e-fiscalita-italiana-guida-completa-2026.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/link2america.us\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/S.A.-Panama-e-fiscalita-italiana-guida-completa-2026.jpg\",\"width\":1774,\"height\":887,\"caption\":\"Guida completa sulla costituzione di una S.A. panamense, differenze con le strutture offshore, fiscalit\u00e0, obblighi verso l\u2019Italia e compliance internazionale.\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/link2america.us\\\/sa-panama-offshore-fiscalita-italiani-panama\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/link2america.us\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Costituire una Societ\u00e0 Anonima (S.A.) a Panama nel 2026: guida completa per cittadini italiani\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/link2america.us\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/link2america.us\\\/\",\"name\":\"Link2America Consulenti Mercati USA e LATAM\",\"description\":\"Link2America consulenti per l&#039;intenazionalizzazione verso gli USA e LATAM\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/link2america.us\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/link2america.us\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/4d39a7204159bcd22f904bf6cd3fe1bc\",\"name\":\"admin\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/d76b3986c899e9d61087c2a26d8279d4838090d97114fcfb345c069734d63fc3?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/d76b3986c899e9d61087c2a26d8279d4838090d97114fcfb345c069734d63fc3?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/d76b3986c899e9d61087c2a26d8279d4838090d97114fcfb345c069734d63fc3?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"admin\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/link2america.us\"],\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/link2america.us\\\/en\\\/author\\\/ucmemiami_281e20ja\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Incorporating a Corporation (S.A.) in Panama in 2026: Complete Guide for Italian Citizens - Link2America USA and LATAM Market Consultants","description":"Complete guide to the establishment of a Panamanian S.A., differences with offshore structures, taxation, obligations toward Italy, and international compliance","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/link2america.us\/en\/panama-offshore-italian-taxation-panama\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"S.A. Panama e fiscalit\u00e0 italiana: guida completa 2026","og_description":"Guida completa sulla costituzione di una S.A. panamense, differenze con le strutture offshore, fiscalit\u00e0, obblighi verso l\u2019Italia e compliance internazionale.","og_url":"https:\/\/link2america.us\/en\/panama-offshore-italian-taxation-panama\/","og_site_name":"Link2America Consulenti Mercati USA e LATAM","article_published_time":"2026-05-20T15:38:43+00:00","article_modified_time":"2026-07-17T13:40:50+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1774,"height":887,"url":"https:\/\/link2america.us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/S.A.-Panama-e-fiscalita-italiana-guida-completa-2026.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"admin","Est. reading time":"8 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/link2america.us\/sa-panama-offshore-fiscalita-italiani-panama\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/link2america.us\/sa-panama-offshore-fiscalita-italiani-panama\/"},"author":{"name":"admin","@id":"https:\/\/link2america.us\/#\/schema\/person\/4d39a7204159bcd22f904bf6cd3fe1bc"},"headline":"Costituire una Societ\u00e0 Anonima (S.A.) a Panama nel 2026: guida completa per cittadini italiani","datePublished":"2026-05-20T15:38:43+00:00","dateModified":"2026-07-17T13:40:50+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/link2america.us\/sa-panama-offshore-fiscalita-italiani-panama\/"},"wordCount":1444,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/link2america.us\/sa-panama-offshore-fiscalita-italiani-panama\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/link2america.us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/S.A.-Panama-e-fiscalita-italiana-guida-completa-2026.jpg","keywords":["S.A. Panama","Societa Anonima Panama"],"articleSection":["GUIDE","news"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/link2america.us\/sa-panama-offshore-fiscalita-italiani-panama\/","url":"https:\/\/link2america.us\/sa-panama-offshore-fiscalita-italiani-panama\/","name":"Incorporating a Corporation (S.A.) in Panama in 2026: Complete Guide for Italian Citizens - Link2America USA and LATAM Market Consultants","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/link2america.us\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/link2america.us\/sa-panama-offshore-fiscalita-italiani-panama\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/link2america.us\/sa-panama-offshore-fiscalita-italiani-panama\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/link2america.us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/S.A.-Panama-e-fiscalita-italiana-guida-completa-2026.jpg","datePublished":"2026-05-20T15:38:43+00:00","dateModified":"2026-07-17T13:40:50+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/link2america.us\/#\/schema\/person\/4d39a7204159bcd22f904bf6cd3fe1bc"},"description":"Complete guide to the establishment of a Panamanian S.A., differences with offshore structures, taxation, obligations toward Italy, and international compliance","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/link2america.us\/sa-panama-offshore-fiscalita-italiani-panama\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/link2america.us\/sa-panama-offshore-fiscalita-italiani-panama\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/link2america.us\/sa-panama-offshore-fiscalita-italiani-panama\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/link2america.us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/S.A.-Panama-e-fiscalita-italiana-guida-completa-2026.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/link2america.us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/S.A.-Panama-e-fiscalita-italiana-guida-completa-2026.jpg","width":1774,"height":887,"caption":"Guida completa sulla costituzione di una S.A. panamense, differenze con le strutture offshore, fiscalit\u00e0, obblighi verso l\u2019Italia e compliance internazionale."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/link2america.us\/sa-panama-offshore-fiscalita-italiani-panama\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/link2america.us\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Costituire una Societ\u00e0 Anonima (S.A.) a Panama nel 2026: guida completa per cittadini italiani"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/link2america.us\/#website","url":"https:\/\/link2america.us\/","name":"Link2America US and LATAM Market Consultants","description":"Link2America internationalization consultants for the USA and LATAM","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/link2america.us\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/link2america.us\/#\/schema\/person\/4d39a7204159bcd22f904bf6cd3fe1bc","name":"admin","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/d76b3986c899e9d61087c2a26d8279d4838090d97114fcfb345c069734d63fc3?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/d76b3986c899e9d61087c2a26d8279d4838090d97114fcfb345c069734d63fc3?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/d76b3986c899e9d61087c2a26d8279d4838090d97114fcfb345c069734d63fc3?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"admin"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/link2america.us"],"url":"https:\/\/link2america.us\/en\/author\/ucmemiami_281e20ja\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/link2america.us\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2054","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/link2america.us\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/link2america.us\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/link2america.us\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/link2america.us\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2054"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/link2america.us\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2054\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2316,"href":"https:\/\/link2america.us\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2054\/revisions\/2316"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/link2america.us\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2055"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/link2america.us\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2054"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/link2america.us\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2054"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/link2america.us\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2054"}],"curies":[{"name":"WP","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}